The best way to clean gemstone jewelry is actually with ordinary dish detergent and water. A soft brush, such as a toothbrush, can be used to scrub gently behind the stone. Then rinse off the jewelry with water. Pat dry with a soft cloth.
Extreme caution should be used with home ultrasonic cleaners. They can be used to clean more durable gemstones or plain gold jewelry. Gemstones that can withstand ultrasonic cleaners include Ruby, Citrine, Sapphire, Diamond, Garnet, Amethyst, and Chrysoberyl. Softer gemstones, such as Peridot, Emeralds, Pearls, Tourmaline, Coral, and Tourquoise may become damaged. Any gemstone that has inclusions also may be damaged by ultrasonic cleaners. When in doubt, don't use them.
Jewelry should be removed before vigorous activities as softer stones can become scratched. Harder stones can become chipped or fractured. Also, do not expose gemstones to extreme temperatures. Some gemstones, such as Opal, Pearls, Coral, Tourquoise, and Amber are quite heat sensitive, including to sudden changes in temperature. Do not leave them sitting in hot sunlighs, near radiators, or in hot cars.
Gemstone jewelry can be ruined by everyday household items as well. Do not expose them to the chemicals in cleaning products. Also beware of cosmetics, fragrances, and hair care products which can contain harsh chemicals as well.
It is good practice to put jewelry on last when getting dressed. At the end of the day, jewelry should be removed first. Gemstone jewelry should be stored in a cloth-lined box. It is important to keep gemstones away from other jewelry items which may scratch the stones.
